Contraception and Abortion:
A Utilitarian View

References

• Allan, Leslie 2015a. A Defence of Emotivism, URL = <https://www.rationalrealm.com/philosophy/ethics/defence-emotivism.html>.
• Allan, Leslie 2015b. The Principle of Double Effect, URL = <https://www.rationalrealm.com/philosophy/ethics/principle-double-effect.html>.
• Bayles, Michael D., ed., 1968. Contemporary Utilitarianism, New York: Anchor.
• Bayles, Michael D. 1976. Limits to a Right to Procreate, in Ethics and Population, ed. M. D. Bayles, Cambridge: Schenkman: 41–55.
• Becker, Lawrence C. 1975. Human Being: The Boundaries of the Concept, Philosophy and Public Affairs 4/4: 334–59.
• Bennett, Jonathan 1966. Whatever the Consequences, Analysis 26/3: 83–102.
• Bolton, Martha Brandt 1976. Responsible Women and Abortion Decision, in Moral Problems in Medicine, 2nd edn, eds S. Gorovitz et al, Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall: 330–8.
• Brandt, R. B. 1972. The Morality of Abortion, The Monist 56: 503–26.
• Brody, Baruch 1972. Thomson on Abortion, Philosophy and Public Affairs 1/3: 334–40.
• Brody, Baruch 1976. Abortion and the Sanctity of Human Life: A Philosophical View, Cambridge: MIT.
• Callahan, Daniel 1970. Abortion: Law, Choice and Morality, New York: Macmillan.
• Casey, John 1980. Killing and Letting Die: A Reply to Bennett, in Killing and Letting Die, ed. B. Steinbock, Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall: 132–8.
• Clark, Lorenne M. G. 1974. Reply to Professor Sumner, Canadian Journal of Philosophy 4/1: 183–90.
• Dinello, Daniel 1980. On Killing and Letting Die, in Killing and Letting Die, ed. B. Steinbock, Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall: 128–31.
• Donohue III, John J. and Steven D. Levitt 2001. The Impact of Legalized Abortion on Crime, The Quarterly Journal of Economics 116/2: 379–420, <http://pricetheory.uchicago.edu/levitt/Papers/DonohueLevittTheImpactOfLegalized2001.pdf>.
• Donohue III, John J. and Steven D. Levitt 2006. Measurement Error, Legalized Abortion, the Decline in Crime: A Response to Foote and Goetz (2005), URL = <http://pricetheory.uchicago.edu/levitt/Papers/ResponseToFooteGoetz2006.pdf>.
• Drinan, Robert F. 1967. The Inviolability of the Right to be Born, in Abortion and the Law, ed. D. T. Smith, Cleveland: Western Reserve University: 107–23.
• Duff, Raymond S. and A. G. M.Campbell 1976. Moral and Ethical Dilemmas in the Special-Care Nursery, in Moral Problems in Medicine, 2nd edn, eds S. Gorovitz et al, Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall: 389–95.
• Duffy, Paul J. 1969. The Abortion Question, Surry Hills, N.S.W.: Devonshire.
• Encyclopedia of Bioethics 1978. vol. 1, New York: Macmillan, entries under 'Abortion', 'Acting and Refraining' and 'Double Effect'.
• Engelhardt, H. Tristram 1974. The Ontology of Abortion, Ethics 84: 217–34.
• Engelhardt, H. Tristram 1980. Ethical Issues in Aiding the Death of Young Children, in Killing and Letting Die, ed. B. Steinbock, Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall: 81–91.
• English, Jane 1976. Abortion and the Concept of a Person, in Moral Problems in Medicine, 2nd edn, eds S. Gorovitz et al, Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall: 324–29.
• Evatt, Elizabeth, Felix Arnott and Anne Deveson 1977. Royal Commission on Human Relationships Final Report Volume 3, Canberra: Australian Government Publishing Service.
• Finnis, John 1973. The Rights and Wrongs of Abortion: A Reply to Judith Thomson, Philosophy and Public Affairs 2/2: 117–45.
• Foot, Philippa 1971. The Problem of Abortion and the Doctrine of Double Effect, in Moral Problems, ed. J. Rachels, New York: Harper and Row: 28–41.
• Forssman, Hans and Inga Thuwe 1966. One Hundred and Twenty Children Born After Application for Therapeutic Abortion Refused, Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 42: 71–88.
• Freeman, John M. 1976. Is There a Right to Die—Quickly?, in Moral Problems in Medicine, 2nd edn, eds S. Gorovitz et al, Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall: 412–15.
• Gerber, D. 1972. Abortion: The Uptake Argument, Ethics 83: 80–3.
• Gerber, R. J. 1972, Abortion: Parameters for Decision, Ethics 82: 137–54.
• Glover, Jonathan 1977. Causing Death and Saving Lives, Harmondsworth: Penguin.
• Goodrich, Timothy 1976. The Morality of Killing, in Moral Problems in Medicine, 2nd edn, eds S. Gorovitz et al, Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall: 277–85.
• Grisez, Germain 1975. Abortion: Ethical Arguments, in Today's Moral Problems, ed. R. Wasserstrom, New York: Macmillan: 83–104.
• Hare, R. M. 1979. Abortion and the Golden Rule, in Moral Problems, 3rd edn, ed. J. Rachels, New York: Harper and Row: 151–73.
• Herbenick, Raymond M. 1975. Remarks on Abortion, Abandonment, and Adoption Opportunities, Philosophy and Public Affairs 5/1: 98–104.
• Howell, R., E. Langerak, A. Morton and M. Tooley 1973. Correspondence, Philosophy and Public Affairs 2/4: 407–32.
• Jakobovits, Immanuel 1967. Jewish Views on Abortion, in Abortion and the Law, ed. D. Y. Smith, Cleveland: Western Reserve University: 124–43.
• Kohl, Marvin 1974. The Morality of Killing, London: Peter Owen.
• Lindsay, Anne 1974. On the Slippery Slope Again, Analysis 35/2: 32.
• Margolis, Joseph 1973. Abortion, Ethics 84: 51–61.
• McCloskey, H. J. 1969. Meta-Ethics and Normative Ethics, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff.
• McCormick, Richard A. 1976. To Save or Let Die: The Dilemma of Modern Medicine, in Moral Problems in Medicine, 2nd edn, eds S. Gorovitz et al, Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall: 396–402.
• Minnesota Law Review 1970 (1973). A Cause of Action for 'Wrongful Life': A Suggested Analysis, reprinted in The Problem of Abortion, ed. J. Feinberg, Belmont: Wadsworth: 169–80.
• Murphy, Jeffrie G. 1980. Is Killing the Innocent Absolutely Immoral?, in Killing and Letting Die, ed. B. Steinbock, Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall: 139–48.
• Narveson, Jan 1973. Moral Problems of Population, Monist 57: 62–86.
• New Catholic Encyclopedia 1967. vols 1 and 4, New York: McGraw-Hill: entries under 'Abortion' and 'Double Effect, Principle of'.
• Noonan, John T. 1968. Deciding Who Is Human, Natural Law Forum 13: 134–40.
• Noonan, John T. 1973. An Almost Absolute Value in History, in The Problem of Abortion, ed. J. Feinberg, Belmont: Wadsworth: 10–17.
• Parfit, Derek 1976. On Doing the Best for Our Children, in Ethics and Population, ed. M. D. Bayles, Cambridge: Schenkman: 100–15.
• Purdy, L. M. 1976. Genetic Diseases: Can Having Children Be Immoral?, in Moral Problems in Medicine, 2nd edn, eds S. Gorovitz et al, Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall: 377–84.
• Rachels, James 1980. Active and Passive Euthanasia, in Killing and Letting Die, ed. B. Steinbock, Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall: 63–8.
• Ramsey, Paul 1971. The Morality of Abortion, in Moral Problems, ed. J. Rachels, New York: Harper and Row: 4–27.
• Rawls, John 1967. Two Concepts of Rules, in Theories of Ethics, ed. P. Foot, Oxford: Oxford University Press: 144–70.
• Rawls, John 1972. A Theory of Justice, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
• Reyes, Jessica Wolpaw 2007. Environmental Policy as Social Policy? The Impact of Childhood Lead Exposure on Crime, The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis &amp; Policy 7/1: article 51, URL = <http://www3.amherst.edu/~jwreyes/papers/LeadCrimeBEJEAP.pdf>.
• Roe v. Wade 1973 (1975). reprinted in Today's Moral Problems, ed. R. Wasserstrom, New York: Macmillan: 65–82.
• Rosen, Harold 1967. Psychiatric Implications of Abortion: A Case Study in Social Hypocrisy, in Abortion and the Law, ed. D. T. Smith, Cleveland: Western Reserve University: 72–106.
• Roupas, T. G. 1978. The Value of Life, Philosophy and Public Affairs 7/2: 154–83.
• Rudinow, Joel 1973-74. On 'the Slippery Slope', Analysis 34: 173–6.
• Sarvis, Betty and Hyman Rodman 1973. The Abortion Controversy, New York: Columbia University Press.
• Shaw, Anthony M. and Iris A. Shaw 1976. Dilemmas of 'Informed Consent' in Children, in Moral Problems in Medicine, 2nd edn, eds S. Gorovitz et al, Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall: 384–9.
• Singer, Peter 1976. A Utilitarian Population Principle, in Ethics and Population, ed. M. D. Bayles, Cambridge: Schenkman: 81–99.
• Singer, Peter 1979a. Practical Ethics, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
• Singer, Peter 1979b. Fetal Research, in Moral Problems, 3rd edn, ed. J. Rachels, New York: Harper and Row: 197–203.
• Singer, Peter 1980. Animals and the Value of Life, in Matters of Life and Death, ed. T. Regan, Raleigh: North Carolina State University: 218–59.
• Slater, Eliot 1976. Health Service or Sickness Service?, in S. Gorovitz et al. (eds), Moral Problems in Medicine, 2nd ed., Englewood Cliffs, Prentice-Hall: 411–9.
• Smart, J. J. C. and B. Williams 1973. Utilitarianism: For and Against, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
• Smith, David H. 1980. On Letting Some Babies Die, in Killing and Letting Die, ed. B. Steinbock, Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall: 92–105.
• Steinbock, Bonnie 1980. The Intentional Termination of Life, in Killing and Letting Die, ed. B. Steinbock, Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall: 69–77.
• Stevenson, Charles L. 1944. Ethics and Language, London: Yale University Press.
• Stevenson, Charles L. 1963. Facts and Values, London, Yale University Press.
• Sumner, L. W. 1974. Toward a Credible View of Abortion, Canadian Journal of Philosophy 4/1: 163–81.
• Sumner, L. W. 1981. Abortion and Moral Theory, Princeton: Princeton University Press.
• Thomson, Judith Jarvis 1971. A Defense of Abortion, Philosophy and Public Affairs 1/1: 47–66.
• Thomson J. J. 1973. Rights and Deaths, Philosophy and Public Affairs 2/2: 146–59.
• Tooley, Michael 1973. A Defense of Abortion and Infanticide, in The Problem of Abortion, ed. J. Feinberg, Belmont: Wadsworth: 51–91.
• Tooley, Michael 1974. Abortion and Infanticide, in The Rights and Wrongs of Abortion, eds M. Cohen, T. Nagel and T. Scanlon, Princeton: Princeton University Press: 52–84.
• Tooley, Michael 1980. An Irrelevant Consideration: Killing Versus Letting Die, in Killing and Letting Die, ed. B. Steinbock, Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall: 56–62.
• Trammell, Richard 1980. Saving Life and Taking Life, in Killing and Letting Die, ed. B. Steinbock, Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall: 166–71.
• Warren, Mary Anne 1975. On the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion, in Today's Moral Problems, ed. R. Wasserstrom, New York: Macmillan: 120–36.
• Wasserstrom, Richard 1979. The Status of the Fetus, in Moral Problems, 3rd edn, ed. J. Rachels, New York: Harper and Row: 118–29.
• Wertheimer, Roger 1974. Understanding the Abortion Argument, in The Rights and Wrongs of Abortion, eds M. Cohen, T. Nagel and T. Scanlon, Princeton: Princeton University Press: 23–51.
• Wikler, Daniel I. 1976. Ought We to Try to Save Aborted Fetuses, in Moral Problems in Medicine, 2nd edn, eds S. Gorovitz et al, Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall: 339–43.
• Williams, Glanville 1974. The Sanctity of Life and the Criminal Law, New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
• Williams v. State of New York 1965 (1973). reprinted in The Problem of Abortion, ed. J. Feinberg, Belmont: Wadsworth: 161–9.
• Zachary, R. B. 1976. Ethical and Social Aspects of Treatment of Spina Bifida, in Moral Problems in Medicine, 2nd edn, eds S. Gorovitz et al, Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall: 403–7.